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页面对象模型

介绍​

🌐 Introduction

大型测试套件可以通过结构化来优化编写和维护的便利性。页面对象模型就是一种用于结构化测试套件的方法。

🌐 Large test suites can be structured to optimize ease of authoring and maintenance. Page object models are one such approach to structure your test suite.

页面对象表示你的网络应用的一部分。一个电子商务网站可能有首页、商品列表页和结账页。它们每个都可以通过页面对象模型来表示。

🌐 A page object represents a part of your web application. An e-commerce web application might have a home page, a listings page and a checkout page. Each of them can be represented by page object models.

页面对象通过创建适合你应用的高级 API 来简化编写，并通过将元素选择器集中管理以及创建可重用代码来避免重复，从而简化维护。

🌐 Page objects simplify authoring by creating a higher-level API which suits your application and simplify maintenance by capturing element selectors in one place and create reusable code to avoid repetition.

执行​

🌐 Implementation

页面对象模型封装在 Playwright Page 之上。

🌐 Page object models wrap over a Playwright Page.

models/search.py
class SearchPage:
    def __init__(self, page):
        self.page = page
        self.search_term_input = page.locator('[aria-label="Enter your search term"]')

    def navigate(self):
        self.page.goto("https://bing.com")

    def search(self, text):
        self.search_term_input.fill(text)
        self.search_term_input.press("Enter")

然后可以在测试中使用页面对象。

🌐 Page objects can then be used inside a test.

test_search.py
from models.search import SearchPage

# in the test
page = browser.new_page()
search_page = SearchPage(page)
search_page.navigate()
search_page.search("search query")