页面对象模型

介绍

🌐 Introduction

大型测试套件可以通过结构化来优化编写和维护的便利性。页面对象模型就是一种用于结构化测试套件的方法。

🌐 Large test suites can be structured to optimize ease of authoring and maintenance. Page object models are one such approach to structure your test suite.

页面对象表示你的网络应用的一部分。一个电子商务网站可能有首页、商品列表页和结账页。它们每个都可以通过页面对象模型来表示。

🌐 A page object represents a part of your web application. An e-commerce web application might have a home page, a listings page and a checkout page. Each of them can be represented by page object models.

页面对象通过创建适合你应用的高级 API 来简化编写，并通过将元素选择器集中管理以及创建可重用代码来避免重复，从而简化维护。

🌐 Page objects simplify authoring by creating a higher-level API which suits your application and simplify maintenance by capturing element selectors in one place and create reusable code to avoid repetition.

执行

🌐 Implementation

页面对象模型封装在 Playwright Page 之上。

🌐 Page object models wrap over a Playwright Page.

models/SearchPage.java

package models;

import com.microsoft.playwright;

public class SearchPage {
  private final Page page;
  private final Locator searchTermInput;

  public SearchPage(Page page) {
    this.page = page;
    this.searchTermInput = page.locator("[aria-label='Enter your search term']");
  }

  public void navigate() {
    page.navigate("https://bing.com");
  }

  public void search(String text) {
    searchTermInput.fill(text);
    searchTermInput.press("Enter");
  }
}

然后可以在测试中使用页面对象。

🌐 Page objects can then be used inside a test.

import models.SearchPage;
import com.microsoft.playwright.*;
// ...

// In the test
Page page = browser.newPage();
SearchPage searchPage = new SearchPage(page);
searchPage.navigate();
searchPage.search("search query");