页面对象模型

介绍

¥Introduction

可以构建大型测试套件以优化创作和维护的便利性。页面对象模型是构建测试套件的一种方法。

¥Large test suites can be structured to optimize ease of authoring and maintenance. Page object models are one such approach to structure your test suite.

页面对象代表 Web 应用的一部分。电商 Web 应用可能有主页、列表页面和结账页面。它们中的每一个都可以由页面对象模型来表示。

¥A page object represents a part of your web application. An e-commerce web application might have a home page, a listings page and a checkout page. Each of them can be represented by page object models.

页面对象通过创建适合你的应用的更高级别 API 来简化创作，通过在一处捕获元素选择器并创建可重用代码以避免重复来简化维护。

¥Page objects simplify authoring by creating a higher-level API which suits your application and simplify maintenance by capturing element selectors in one place and create reusable code to avoid repetition.

执行

¥Implementation

页面对象模型封装在 Playwright Page 上。

¥Page object models wrap over a Playwright Page.

models/SearchPage.java

package models;

import com.microsoft.playwright;

public class SearchPage {
  private final Page page;
  private final Locator searchTermInput;

  public SearchPage(Page page) {
    this.page = page;
    this.searchTermInput = page.locator("[aria-label='Enter your search term']");
  }

  public void navigate() {
    page.navigate("https://bing.com");
  }

  public void search(String text) {
    searchTermInput.fill(text);
    searchTermInput.press("Enter");
  }
}

然后可以在测试中使用页面对象。

¥Page objects can then be used inside a test.

import models.SearchPage;
import com.microsoft.playwright.*;
// ...

// In the test
Page page = browser.newPage();
SearchPage searchPage = new SearchPage(page);
searchPage.navigate();
searchPage.search("search query");