页面对象模型

介绍

🌐 Introduction

大型测试套件可以通过结构化来优化编写和维护的便利性。页面对象模型就是一种用于结构化测试套件的方法。

🌐 Large test suites can be structured to optimize ease of authoring and maintenance. Page object models are one such approach to structure your test suite.

页面对象表示你的网络应用的一部分。一个电子商务网站可能有首页、商品列表页和结账页。它们每个都可以通过页面对象模型来表示。

🌐 A page object represents a part of your web application. An e-commerce web application might have a home page, a listings page and a checkout page. Each of them can be represented by page object models.

页面对象通过创建适合你应用的高级 API 来简化编写，并通过将元素选择器集中管理以及创建可重用代码来避免重复，从而简化维护。

🌐 Page objects simplify authoring by creating a higher-level API which suits your application and simplify maintenance by capturing element selectors in one place and create reusable code to avoid repetition.

执行

🌐 Implementation

页面对象模型封装在 Playwright Page 之上。

🌐 Page object models wrap over a Playwright Page.

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Playwright;

namespace BigEcommerceApp.Tests.Models;

public class SearchPage
{
  private readonly IPage _page;
  private readonly ILocator _searchTermInput;

  public SearchPage(IPage page)
  {
    _page = page;
    _searchTermInput = page.Locator("[aria-label='Enter your search term']");
  }

  public async Task GotoAsync()
  {
    await _page.GotoAsync("https://bing.com");
  }

  public async Task SearchAsync(string text)
  {
    await _searchTermInput.FillAsync(text);
    await _searchTermInput.PressAsync("Enter");
  }
}

然后可以在测试中使用页面对象。

🌐 Page objects can then be used inside a test.

using BigEcommerceApp.Tests.Models;

// in the test
var page = new SearchPage(await browser.NewPageAsync());
await page.GotoAsync();
await page.SearchAsync("search query");